8,572 research outputs found
Controlling internal barrier in low loss BaTiO3 supercapacitors
Supercapacitor behavior has been reported in a number of oxides including reduced BaTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics. These so-called giant properties are however not easily controlled. We show here that the continuous coating of individual BaTiO3 grains by a silica shell in combination with spark plasma sintering is a way to process bulk composites having supercapacitor features with low dielectric losses and temperature stability. The silica shell acts both as an oxidation barrier during the processing and as a dielectric barrier in the final composite
Screening and inplane magnetoresistance of anisotropic two-dimensional gas
In order to split the influence of the orbital and spin effects on the
inplane magnetoresistance of a quasi two-dimensional gas we derive its linear
response function and dielectric function for the case of anisotropic effective
mass. This result is used for the calculation of elastic transport relaxation
time of a quasi two dimensional system in a parallel magnetic field. The
relaxation time is proved to be isotropic in the low density limit for the case
of charged impurity scattering, allowing to separate the two contributions.Comment: as published. 4 pages, 1 figur
Assessment of reporting quality of conference abstracts in sports injury prevention according to CONSORT and STROBE criteria and their subsequent publication rate as full papers
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The preliminary results of a study are usually presented as an abstract in conference meetings. The reporting quality of those abstracts and the relationship between their study designs and full paper publication rate is unknown. We hypothesized that randomized controlled trials are more likely to be published as full papers than observational studies.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>154 oral abstracts presented at the World Congress of Sports Injury Prevention 2005 Oslo and the corresponding full paper publication were identified and analysed. The main outcome measures were frequency of publication, time to publication, impact factor, CONSORT (for Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) score, STROBE (for Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) score, and minor and major inconsistencies between the abstract and the full paper publication.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overall, 76 of the 154 (49%) presented abstracts were published as full papers in a peer-reviewed journal with an impact factor of 1.946 ± 0.812. No significant difference existed between the impact factor for randomized controlled trials (2.122 ± 1.015) and observational studies (1.913 ± 0.765, p = 0.469). The full papers for the randomized controlled trials were published after an average (SD) of 17 months (± 13 months); for observational studies, the average (SD) was 12 months (± 14 months) (p = 0.323). A trend was observed in this study that a higher percentage of randomized controlled trial abstracts were published as full papers (71% vs. 47%, p = 0.078) than observational trials. The reporting quality of abstracts, published as full papers, significantly increased compared to conference abstracts both in randomized control studies (CONSORT: 5.7 ± 0.7 to 7.2 ± 1.3; p = 0.018, CI -2.7 to -0.32) and in observational studies (STROBE: 8.2 ± 1.3 to 8.6 ± 1.4; p = 0.007, CI -0.63 to -0.10). All of the published abstracts had at least one minor inconsistency (title, authors, research center, outcome presentation, conclusion), while 65% had at least major inconsistencies (study objective, hypothesis, study design, primary outcome measures, sample size, statistical analysis, results, SD/CI). Comparing the results of conference and full paper; results changed in 90% vs. 68% (randomized, controlled studies versus observational studies); data were added (full paper reported more result data) in 60% vs. 30%, and deleted (full paper reported fewer result data) in 40% vs. 30%.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>No significant differences with respect to type of study (randomized controlled versus observational), impact factor, and time to publication existed for the likelihood that a World Congress of Sports Injury conference abstract could be published as a full paper.</p
C-GOALS II. Chandra Observations of the Lower Luminosity Sample of Nearby Luminous Infrared Galaxies in GOALS
We analyze Chandra X-ray observatory data for a sample of 63 luminous
infrared galaxies (LIRGs), sampling the lower-infrared luminosity range of the
Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG survey (GOALS), which includes the most
luminous infrared selected galaxies in the local universe. X-rays are detected
for 84 individual galaxies within the 63 systems, for which arcsecond
resolution X-ray images, fluxes, infrared and X-ray luminosities, spectra and
radial profiles are presented. Using X-ray and MIR selection criteria, we find
AGN in (315)% of the galaxy sample, compared to the (386)% previously
found for GOALS galaxies with higher infrared luminosities (C-GOALS I). Using
mid-infrared data, we find that (599)% of the X-ray selected AGN in the
full C-GOALS sample do not contribute significantly to the bolometric
luminosity of the host galaxy. Dual AGN are detected in two systems, implying a
dual AGN fraction in systems that contain at least one AGN of (2914)%,
compared to the (1110)% found for the C-GOALS I sample. Through analysis
of radial profiles, we derive that most sources, and almost all AGN, in the
sample are compact, with half of the soft X-ray emission generated within the
inner kpc. For most galaxies, the soft X-ray sizes of the sources are
comparable to those of the MIR emission. We also find that the hard X-ray
faintness previously reported for the bright C-GOALS I sources is also observed
in the brightest LIRGs within the sample, with
L.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in A&
Negative Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Graphene Measured by Raman Spectroscopy
The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of single-layer graphene is estimated
with temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy in the temperature range between
200 and 400 K. It is found to be strongly dependent on temperature but remains
negative in the whole temperature range, with a room temperature value of
-8.0x10^{-6} K^{-1}. The strain caused by the TEC mismatch between graphene and
the substrate plays a crucial role in determining the physical properties of
graphene, and hence its effect must be accounted for in the interpretation of
experimental data taken at cryogenic or elevated temperatures.Comment: 17 pagese, 3 figures, and supporting information (4 pages, 3
figures); Nano Letters, 201
A Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser
This paper reports a "delayed choice quantum eraser" experiment proposed by
Scully and Dr\"{u}hl in 1982. The experimental results demonstrated the
possibility of simultaneously observing both particle-like and wave-like
behavior of a quantum via quantum entanglement. The which-path or both-path
information of a quantum can be erased or marked by its entangled twin even
after the registration of the quantum.Comment: twocolumn, 4pages, submitted to PR
Novel Properties of The Apparent Metal-Insulator Transition in Two-Dimensional Systems
The low-temperature conductivity of low-density, high-mobility,
two-dimensional hole systems in GaAs was studied. We explicitly show that the
metal-insulator transition, observed in these systems, is characterized by a
well-defined critical density, p_0c. We also observe that the low-temperature
conductivity of these systems depends linearly on the hole density, over a wide
density range. The high-density linear conductivity extrapolates to zero at a
density close to the critical density.Comment: 4 Figure
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